September 13, 2023
Article

Breathing Patterns and the Clock of Our Genes

Ever wondered if the way we breathe could be tied to our biological age? A recent exploration into the world of epigenetics, which studies changes in gene function without altering the DNA sequence, has revealed some fascinating insights. Researchers looked at a marker called GrimAge, which is believed to be a predictor of lifespan and health. They found that certain measures of lung function, specifically the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC), were negatively associated with GrimAge. In simpler terms, better lung function seemed to be linked to a "younger" biological age. Moreover, this epigenetic age marker also hinted at the future risk of emphysema, a lung condition that causes shortness of breath.

Article Information

Abstract

Background: The objective of this research was to determine whether pulmonary function is associated with epigenetic aging (GrimAge) and whether GrimAge predicts emphysema. Methods: This prospective study examined 1042 participants enrolled as part of a community-based longitudinal cohort. The cross-sectional associations between pulmonary function and GrimAge, measured at study year (Y) 20 (participant ages 40-45 years), and prospective associations with emphysema at Y25 were examined. Results: At Y20, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were negatively associated with GrimAge; for Y0-Y10 cumulative measures, only the FEV1/FVC ratio was associated with GrimAge at Y15 and Y20. Emphysema at Y25 was associated with GrimAge at Y15 and Y20. Conclusion: Pulmonary function was associated with GrimAge during early and mid-life; GrimAge partially mediated the association between pulmonary function and emphysema.